Dept. of Molecular Biosciences The University of Texas at Austin

Last updated 5 October 2023

Kirchberger P. C. and H. Ochman (2023) Microviruses: A World Beyond phi X174. Annu Rev Virol. 10(1):99-118. doi: 10.1146/annurev-virology-100120-011239. online

Cobo-Simón M., R. Hart, and H.  Ochman (2023)  Gene flow and species boundaries of the genus Salmonella. mSystems. 8(4):e0029223. doi: 10.1128/msystems.00292-23 online

Cobo-Simón M., R. Hart, and H. Ochman (2023) Escherichia coli: What is and Which are?. Mol Biol Evol . 40(1):msac273. doi: 10.1093/molbev/msac273. online

Edwards O., G. Jander, H. Ochman, R. Schuurink, and K. B. Singh (2022) Insects co-opt host genes to overcome plant defences. Fac Rev. 11(10). doi: 10.12703/r-01-000007 online

Kirchberger P. C., Z. A. Martinez, and H. Ochman (2022) Organizing the Global Diversity of Microviruses. mBio 13(3):e0058822. doi: 10.1128/mbio.00588-22 online

Nishida A.H. and H. Ochman (2021) Captivity and the co-diversification of great ape microbiomes. Nat Commun. 12(1):5632. doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-25732-y. online

Kirchberger P.C. , Z. A. Martinez, L. J. Luker, and H. Ochman (2021) Defensive hypervariable regions confer superinfection exclusion in microviruses. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A . 118(28) e2102786118. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2102786118 online

Li Y., A. C. O'Donnell, and H. Ochman (2021) Discriminating arboviral species. J Gen Virol. 102(4). doi: 10.1099/jgv.0.001572 online

Bobay L. M., A. C. O'Donnell, and H. Ochman (2021) Recombination events are concentrated in the spike protein region of Betacoronaviruses. PLoS Genet. 16(12):e1009272. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1009272. online

Kirchberger P. C., M. Schmidt, and H. Ochman (2020) The Ingenuity of Bacterial Genomes. Annu Rev Microbiol. 74:815-834. doi: 10.1146/annurev-micro-020518-115822 online

Kirchberger P. C. and H. Ochman (2020) Resurrection of a Global, Metagenomically Defined Gokushovirus. eLife 9:e51599 doi: 10.7554/eLife.51599 online

Moran N. A., H. Ochman, and T. J. Hammer (2019) Evolutionary and Ecological Consequences of Gut Microbial Communities. Annu Rev Ecol Syst. Vol. 50: 451-475. online

Nishida A. H. and H. Ochman (2019) A great-ape view of the gut microbiome. Nat Rev Genet. 20: 195-206. doi: 10.1038/s41576-018-0085-z online

Bobay L. M. and H. Ochman (2018) Factors driving effective population size and pan-genome evolution in bacteria. BMC Evol Biol. 18: 153. doi: 10.1186/s12862-018-1272-4. online

Bobay, L. M. and H. Ochman (2018). Biological species in the viral world. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 115: 6040-6045. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1717593115 online

Bobay, L. M., B. S. Ellis, H. Ochman (2018). ConSpeciFix: Classifying prokaryotic species based on gene flow. Bioinformatics. 34: 3738-3740. doi: 10.1093/bioinformatics/bty400 online

Traverse, C. C. and H. Ochman (2018). A Genome-Wide Assay Specifies Only GreA as a Transcription Fidelity Factor in Escherichia coli. G3 (Bethesda). 8: 2257-2264. doi: 10.1534/g3.118.200209 online

Quandt, E. M., C. C. Traverse, and H. Ochman. (2018). Local genic base composition impacts protein production and cellular fitness. PeerJ. 6:e4286. doi: 10.7717/peerj.4286. online

Costea, P.I., F. Hildebrand, A. Manimozhiyan, F. Bäckhed, M. J. Blaser, F. D. Bushman, W. M. de Vos, S. D. Ehrlich, C. M. Fraser, M. Hattori, C. Huttenhower, I. B. Jeffery, D. Knights, J. D. Lewis, R. E. Ley, H. Ochman, P. W. O'Toole, C. Quince, D. A. Relman, F. Shanahan, S. Sunagawa, J. Wang, G. M.Weinstock, G. D. Wu, G. Zeller, L. Zhao, J. Raes, R. Knight , and P. Bork. (2018). Enterotypes in the landscape of gut microbial community composition. Nat Microbiol. 3: 8-16. doi: 10.1038/s41564-017-0072-8. online

Nishida, A. H. and H. Ochman (2017). Rates of Gut Microbiome Divergence in Mammals. Mol Ecol. 27: 1884-1897. doi: 10.1111/mec.14473. online

Traverse, C. C. and H. Ochman (2017). Genome-wide spectra of transcription insertions and deletions reveal that slippage depends on RNA:DNA hybrid complementarity. mBio 8:e01230-17. doi: 10.1128/mBio.01230-17 online

Bobay, L. M, and H. Ochman (2017). Impact of recombination on the base composition of Bacteria and Archaea. Mol Biol Evol. 34(10):2627-2636. doi: 10.1093/molbev/msx189. online

Bobay, L. M. and H. Ochman (2017). The evolution of bacterial genome architecture. Front Genet. 8:72. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2017.00072 online

Raymann, K., A. H. Moeller, A. L. Goodman, and H. Ochman (2017). Unexplored Archaeal diversity in the great ape gut microbiome. mSphere. 2(1). pii: e00026-17. doi: 10.1128/mSphere.00026-17. online

Bobay, L. M., and H. Ochman (2017). Biological species are universal across Life's domains. Genome Biol Evol. 3: 491–501. doi: 10.1093/gbe/evx026 online

Moeller, A. H., A. Caro-Quintero, D. Mjungu, A. V. Georgiev, E. V. Lonsdorf, M. N. Muller, A. E. Pusey, M. Peeters, B. H. Hahn, and H. Ochman (2016). Cospeciation of gut microbiota with hominids. Science 353: 380-382. doi: 10.1126/science.aaf3951 online

Wexler, A. G., Y. Bao, J. C. Whitney, L. M. Bobay, J. B. Xavier, W. B. Schofield, N. B. Barry, A. B. Russell, B. Q. Tran, Y. A. Goo, D. R. Goodlett, H. Ochman, J. D. Mougous , and A. L. Goodman (2016). Human symbionts inject and neutralize antibacterial toxins to persist in the gut. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 113: 3639-3644. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1525637113 online

H. Ochman (2016). Realizing Microbial Evolution. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2016 Mar 1. 8(5). pii: a018101. doi: 10.1101/cshperspect.a018101 online

Traverse, C. C. and H. Ochman (2016). Conserved rates and patterns of transcription errors across bacterial growth states and lifestyles. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A.113: 3311-3316. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1525329113 online

Moeller, A. H., S. Foerster, M. L. Wilson, A. E. Pusey, B. H. Hahn, and H. Ochman (2016). Social behavior shapes the chimpanzee pan-microbiome. Sci Adv. 2: e1500997. online

Caro-Quintero, A. and H. Ochman (2015). Assessing the Unseen Bacterial Diversity in Microbial Communities. Genome Biol Evol. 2015 Nov 27. pii: evv234. [Epub ahead of print] online

Bobay, L. M., C. C. Traverse, and H. Ochman (2015). Impermanence of bacterial clones. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 112: 8893-8900. online

Kelkar, Y. D., D. S. Phillips, and H. Ochman (2015). Effects of Genic Base Composition on Growth Rate in G+C-Rich Genomes. G3 (Bethesda). 5: 1247-1252. online

Moeller, A. H., M. Peeters, A. Ayouba, E. M. Ngole, A. Esteban, B. H. Hahn, and H. Ochman (2015). Stability of the Gorilla Microbiome Despite SIV Infection. Mol Ecol. 4: 690-697. doi: 10.1111/mec.13057. online

Raghavan, R., F. R. Kacharia, J. A. Millar, C. D. Sislak, and H. Ochman (2015). Genome rearrangements can make and break small RNA genes. Genome Biol Evol. 7: 557-566.

Waldor, M. K., G. Tyson, E. Borenstein, H. Ochman, A. Moeller, B. B. Finlay, H. H. Kong, J. I. Gordon, K. E. Nelson, K. Dabbagh K, and H. Smith (2015). Where Next for Microbiome Research? PLoS Biol. 13(1):e1002050. online

Moeller, A. H., Y. Li, E. Mpoudi Ngole, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, E. V. Lonsdorf, A. E. Pusey, M. Peeters, B. H. Hahn, and H. Ochman (2014). Rapid changes in the gut microbiome during human evolution. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 111: 16431-16435. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1419136111. online

Moeller A. H. and H. Ochman. (2014). Microbiomes are true to type. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 111: 9372-9373. online

Sloan, D. B., G. M. Bennett, P. Engel, D. Williams, and H. Ochman (2013). Disentangling associated genomes. Methods in Enzymology 531: 445–464. online

Moeller, A. H., M. Shilts, Y. Li, R. S. Rudicell, E. V. Lonsdorf, A. E. Pusey, M. L. Wilson, B. H. Hahn, and H. Ochman (2013). SIV-Induced instability of the chimpanzee gut microbiome. Cell Host Microbe 14: 340-345. online

Moeller, A. H., and H. Ochman (2013). Factors that drive variation among gut microbial communities. Gut Microbes. 4:403-408. online

Williams, D., W. L. Trimble, M. Shilts, F. Meyer, and H. Ochman (2013). Rapid quantification of sequence repeats to resolve the size, structure and contents of bacterial genomes. BMC Genomics 14:537. online

Moeller, A. H., M. Peeters, J. B. Ndjango, Y. Li, B. H. Hahn, and H. Ochman (2013). Sympatric chimpanzees and gorillas harbor convergent gut microbial communities. Genome Res. 23: 1715-20. online

Kelkar, Y. D. and H. Ochman (2013). Genome reduction promotes increase in protein functional complexity in bacteria. Genetics 193: 303-7. online

Moeller, A. H., P. H. Degnan, A. E. Pusey, M. L. Wilson, B. H. Hahn and H. Ochman (2012). Chimpanzees and humans harbour compositionally similar gut enterotypes. Nat Comm. 3: 1179 doi:10.1038/ncomms2159. online

Raghavan, R., Y. D. Kelkar, and H. Ochman (2012). A selective force favoring increased G+C content in bacterial genes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 109: 14504-14507. online

Raghavan, R., D.B. Sloan, and H. Ochman (2012). Antisense transcription is pervasive but rarely conserved in enteric bacteria. MBio. 3:1-7. online

Degnan, P. H., A. E. Pusey, E. V. Lonsdorf , J. Goodall, E. E. Wroblewski, M. L. Wilson, R. S. Rudicell, B. H. Hahn, and H. Ochman (2012). Factors associated with the diversification of the gut microbial communities within chimpanzees from Gombe National Park. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 109: 13034-13039. online

Kelkar, Y. D. and H. Ochman (2012). Causes and consequences of genome expansion in fungi. Genome Biol Evol. 4:13-23. online

Degnan, P. H. and H. Ochman (2012). Illumina-based analysis of microbial community diversity. ISEM J. 6:183-4. online

Degnan, P. H., H. Ochman, and N. A. Moran (2011). Sequence conservation and functional constraint on intergenic spacers in reduced genomes of the obligate symbiont Buchnera. PLoS Genet. 7(9): e1002252. online

Raghavan, R., E. A. Groisman, and H. Ochman (2011). Genome-wide detection of novel regulatory RNAs in E. coli. Genome Res. 21: 1487-97. online

Raghavan, R., A. Sage, and H. Ochman (2011). Genome-wide identification of transcription start sites yields a novel thermosensing RNA and new cyclic AMP receptor protein-regulated genes in Escherichia coli. J. Bacteriol. 193:2871-74. online

Ochman, H., M. Worobey, C. H. Kuo, J. B. Ndjango, M. Peeters, B. H. Hahn, and P. Hugenholtz (2010). Evolutionary relationships of wild hominids recapitulated by gut microbial communities. PLoS Biology. 8: e1000546. online

Kuo, C. H., and H. Ochman (2010) The extinction dynamics of bacterial pseudogenes. PLoS Genet. 6: e1001050. online

Vaishampayan, P. A., J. V. Kuehl, J. L. Froula, J. L. Morgan, H. Ochman, and M. P. Francino (2010). Comparative metagenomics and population dynamics of the gut microbiota in mother and infant. Genome Biol. Evol. 2010:53-66. pdf, online

Engelbrektson, A., V. Kunin, K. C. Wrighton, N. Zvenigorodsky, F. Chen, H. Ochman, and P. Hugenholtz (2010). Experimental factors affecting PCR-based estimates of microbial species richness and evenness. ISME J. 4:642-7. pdf

Jarvik, T., C. Smillie, E. A. Groisman, and H. Ochman (2010). Short-term signatures of evolutionary change in the Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium 14028 genome. J. Bacteriol. 192:560-7. pdf

Stavrinides, J., A. No, and H. Ochman (2010). A single genetic locus in the phytopathogen Pantoea stewartii enables gut colonization and pathogenicity in an insect host. Environ. Microbiol. 12:147-55. pdf

Ochman, H. and R. Raghavan. (2009). Systems Biology. Excavating the functional landscape of bacterial cells (Perspective). Science 326:1200-1. pdf

Kuo, C. H. and H. Ochman. (2009). Inferring clocks when lacking rocks: the variable rates of molecular evolution in bacteria. Biol. Direct. 4:35. pdf

Ochman, H. (2009). Afterword: Genomics Update update. Environ. Microbiol. 11:2193. pdf

Kunin, V., A. Engelbrektson, H. Ochman, and P. Hugenholtz (2009). Wrinkles in the rare biosphere: pyrosequencing errors lead to artificial inflation of diversity estimates. Environ. Microbiol. 12:118-23. pdf

Kuo, C. H., N .A. Moran, and H. Ochman (2009). The consequences of genetic drift for bacterial genome complexity. Genome Res. 19:1450-4. pdf

Ochman, H. (2009). Radical views of the Tree of Life. Environ. Microbiol. 11:731-2. pdf

Stavrinides, J., J. K. McCloskey, and H. Ochman (2009). The pea aphid as both host and vector for the phytopathogenic bacterium, Pseudomonas syringae. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 75:2230-5. pdf

Kuo, C. H., and H. Ochman (2009). Deletional bias across the three domains of life. Genome Biol. Evol. 1:145-152. pdf

Kuo, C. H., and H. Ochman (2009). The fate of new bacterial genes. FEMS Microbiol. Rev. 33:38-43. pdf

Narra, H. P., M. H. Cordes, and H. Ochman (2008). Structural features and the persistence of acquired proteins. Proteomics. 8:4772-81. pdf

Marri, P. R., L. K. Harris, K. Houmiel, S. C. Slater, and H. Ochman (2008). The effect of chromosome geometry on genetic diversity. Genetics. 179:511-516. pdf

van Passel, M. W., P. R. Marri, and H. Ochman (2008). The emergence and fate of horizontally acquired genes in Escherichia coli. PLoS Comput. Biol. 4:e1000059. pdf

van Passel, M. W. and H. Ochman (2007). Selection on the genic location of disruptive elements. Trends Genet. 23:601-4. pdf

Liu, R. and H. Ochman (2007). Origins of flagellar gene operons and secondary flagellar systems. J. Bacteriol. 189:7098-104. pdf

Liu, R. and H. Ochman (2007). Stepwise formation of the bacterial flagellar system. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U S A 104:7116-21. pdf  Erratum 104:11507 pdf

H. Ochman (2007). Single-cell genomics. Environ. Microbiol. 9:7. pdf

van Passel, M. W., C. S. Smillie, and H. Ochman (2007). Gene decay in Archaea. Archaea. 2:137-143. pdf

Ochman, H., R. Liu, and E. P. C. Rocha (2007). Erosion of interaction networks in reduced and degraded genomes. J. Exp. Zool. (Mol. Dev. Evol.) 308B:97-103. pdf

Narra, H.P. and H. Ochman (2006). Of what use is sex to bacteria? Curr. Biol. 16:R705-R710. pdf

Wirth, T., D. Falush, R. Lan, F. Colles, P. Mensa, L. H. Wieler, H. Karch, P. R. Reeves, M. C. Maiden, H. Ochman, and M. Achtman. (2006). Sex and virulence in Escherichia coli: an evolutionary perspective. Mol. Microbiol. 60:1136-1151. pdf

Ochman, H. and L.M. Davalos (2006). The nature and dynamics of bacterial genomes. Science 311:1730-1733. pdf

Moran, N. A., P. H. Degnan, S. R. Santos, H. E. Dunbar, and H. Ochman (2005). The players in a mutualistic symbiosis: insects, bacteria, viruses and virulence genes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U S A 102:16919-16926. pdf

Ochman, H. (2005). Genomes on the shrink. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci U S A 102:11959-11960. pdf

Lerat, E. and H. Ochman (2005). Recognizing pseudogenes in bacterial genomes. Nucleic Acids Research, 33(10):3125-32. pdf

Lerat, E., V. Daubin, H. Ochman, and N. A. Moran (2005). Evolutionary origins of genomic repertoires in bacteria. PloS Biology, 3(5):e130. pdf

Ochman, H., E. Lerat, and V. Daubin (2005). Examining bacterial species under the specter of gene transfer and exchange. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U S A, 3;102 Suppl 1:6595-9. pdf

Ochman, H., V. Daubin, and E. Lerat (2005). A bunch of fun-guys: the whole-genome view of yeast evolution. Trends Genet. 21(1):1-3. pdf

Ochman, H. and S. R. Santos. (2005). Exploring microbial microevolution with microarrays. Infect. Genet. Evol. 5:103-108. pdf

Dale, C., H. Dunbar, N. A. Moran, and H. Ochman (2005). Extracting single genomes from heterogenous DNA samples: A test case with Carsonella ruddii, the bacterial symbiont of psyllids (Insecta). J. Insect Science, 5:3.pdf

Daubin, V. and H. Ochman (2004). Bacterial genomes as new gene homes: The genealogy of ORFans in E. coli. Genome Res. 14: 1036-1042. pdf

Daubin, V. and H. Ochman (2004). Start-up entities in the evolution of new genes. Curr. Opin. Genet. Devel. 14: 616-619. pdf

Lerat, E. and H. Ochman (2004). Ψ-Φ: Exploring the outer limits of bacterial pseudogenes. Genome Research 14: 2273-2278. pdf

Daubin, V. and H. Ochman (2004). Recognizing lateral gene transfer by quartet mapping. Molec. Biol. Evol. 21: 48-51. pdf

Santos, S. R. and H. Ochman (2004). Identification and phylogenetic sorting of bacterial lineages using universally conserved genes and proteins. Environ. Microbiol. 6: 754-759. pdf

Dale, C., B. Wang, N. A. Moran, and H. Ochman (2003). Loss of DNA recombinational repair enzymes in the initial stages of genome degeneration in mutualistic bacterial endosymbionts. Molec. Biol. Evol. 20: 1188-1194. pdf

Daubin, V., N. A. Moran, and H. Ochman (2003). Phylogenetics and the cohesion of bacterial genomes. Science 301: 829-832. pdf

Francino, M. P., S. R. Santos, and H. Ochman (2003). Phylogenetic relationships of bacteria with special reference to enteric and endosymbiotic species. In M. Dworkin (ed.) The Prokaryotes 3rd edition, a Handbook on the Biology of Bacteria: Ecophysiology, Isolation, Identification, Applications. Springer-Verlag, NY.

Hudson, R. E., U. Bergthorsson, and H. Ochman (2003). Transcription increases a broad spectrum of spontaneous mutations in bacteria. Nucleic Acids Res. 31: 4517-4522. pdf

Moran, N. A., H. Dunbar, C. Dale, W. Smith, and H. Ochman (2003). Intracellular symbionts of sharpshooters (Insecta: Hemiptera: Cicadellinae) form a distinct clade with a small genome. Environ. Microbiol. 5: 116-126. pdf

Ochman, H. (2003). Neutral mutations and neutral substitutions in bacterial genomes. Molec. Biol. Evol. 20: 2091-2096. pdf

Ochman, H. and C. Dale (2003). Type III secretion systems and the conversion from parasitism to mutualism. Nova Acta Leopoldina NF 88, nr. 333, 61-63.

Ochman, H. and S. R. Santos (2003). Eyeing bacterial genomes. Curr. Op. Microbiol. 6: 109-113. pdf

Dale, C., G. Plague, B. Wang, H. Ochman, and N. A. Moran (2002). Type III secretion systems and the evolution of mutualistic endosymbiosis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci USA 99: 12397-12402. pdf

Dale, C., W. Smith, and H. Ochman (2002). Physical analysis of chromosome size variations in bacteria. In M. Blot (ed.) Methods and Tools in Biosciences and Medicine, Birkhauser Verlag.

Hudson, R. E., U. Bergthorsson, J. R. Roth, and H. Ochman (2002). Effect of chromosome location on bacterial mutation rates. Molec. Biol. Evol. 19: 85-92. pdf

Lawrence, J. G. and H. Ochman (2002). Reconciling the many faces of lateral gene transfer. Trends Microbiol. 10: 1-4. pdf

Mira, A. and H. Ochman (2002). Gene location and bacterial sequence divergence. Molec. Biol. Evol. 19: 1350-1358. pdf

Ochman, H. (2002). Chromosome arithmetic and geometry. Curr. Biol. 12: R427-R428. pdf

Ochman, H. (2002). Distinguishing the ORFS from the ELFs: Short bacterial genes and the over-annotation of genomes. Trends Genet. 18: 335-337. pdf

Ochman, H. (2002). Side-stepping genetics. (Book review) Nature Cell Biol. 4: E158. pdf

Ochman, H. and M. P. Francino (2002). Isochores. In T. Creighton (ed.) Wiley Encyclopedia of Molecular Medicine, Academic Press, NY, pp. 1830-1831.

Francino, M. P. and H. Ochman (2001). Deamination as the basis of mutational strand asymmetry in Escherichia coli. Molec. Biol. Evol. 18: 1147-1150. pdf

Mira, A., H. Ochman, and N. A. Moran (2001). Deletional bias and the evolution of bacterial genomes. Trends Genet. 10: 589-596. pdf

Morgan, U., H. Ochman, F. Renaud, and M. Tibayrenc (2001). Population genetics and population biology: what did they bring to the epidemiology of transmissible diseases? An e-debate. Infect. Genet. Evol. 1: 161-166. pdf

Ochman, H. (2001). Lateral and oblique gene transfer. Curr. Opin. Genet. Devel. 11: 616-619. pdf

Ochman, H. (2001). The origins of bacterial virulence. (In Valenciano) Metode 28: 44-46.

Ochman, H. and N. A. Moran (2001). Genes lost and genes found: the molecular evolution of bacterial pathogenesis and symbiosis. Science 292: 1096-1098. pdf

Francino, M. P. and H. Ochman (2000). Strand symmetry around the ß-globin origin of replication in primates. Molec. Biol. Evol. 17: 416-422. pdf

Groisman, E. A. and H. Ochman (2000). The path to Salmonella. ASM News 65: 21-27.

Houndt, T. and H. Ochman (2000). Shifts in patterns of antibiotic resistance in natural populations of enteric bacteria. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 66: 5406-5409. pdf

Ochman, H. (2000). The evolution of bacterial pathogens. In E. A. Groisman (ed.) Principles of Bacterial Pathogenesis. Academic Press, NY, pp. 1-41.

Ochman, H. and I. B. Jones (2000). Evolutionary dynamics of full genome content in Escherichia coli. EMBO J. 19: 6637-6643. pdf

Ochman, H., J. G. Lawrence, and E. A. Groisman (2000). Lateral gene transfer and the nature of bacterial innovation. Nature 405: 299-305. pdf

Wernegreen, J. J., H. Ochman, I. B. Jones, and N. A. Moran (2000). Decoupling of genome size and sequence diversity in endosymbiotic bacteria. J. Bacteriol. 182: 3867-3869. pdf

Bergthorsson, U. and H. Ochman (1999). Chromosomal changes during experimental evolution in laboratory populations of Escherichia coli. J. Bacteriol. 181: 1360-1363. pdf

Francino, M. P. and H. Ochman (1999). A comparative genomics approach to DNA asymmetries. Ann. NY Acad. Sci. 870: 428-431. pdf

Francino, M. P. and H. Ochman (1999). Isochores result from mutation not selection. Nature 400: 30-31. pdf

Ochman, H. (1999). Bacterial evolution: Jittery genomes. Curr. Biol. 9: 485-486. pdf

Ochman, H. (1999). Editorial Overview. Curr. Opin. Microbiol. 2: 517-518. pdf

Ochman, H., S. Elwyn, and N. A. Moran (1999). Calibrating bacterial evolution. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 96: 12638-12643. pdf

Ochman, H. and E. A. Groisman (1998). Seeking the genetic basis of phenotypic differences among bacterial species. In B. Schierwater and R. DeSalle (eds.) Molecular Ecology and Evolution: Approaches and Applications. Volume 2. Birkhauser Verlag, NY.

Bergthorsson, U. and H. Ochman (1998). Distribution of chromosome length variation in natural isolates of Escherichia coli. Molec. Biol. Evol. 15: 6-16. pdf

Bergthorsson, U. and H. Ochman (1998). Evolution of the E. coli genome. In F. J. de Bruijn et al. (eds.) Bacterial Genomes: Physical Structure and Analysis. Chapman and Hall, NY.

Lawrence, J. G. and H. Ochman (1998). Molecular archaeology of the Escherichia coli genome. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 95: 9413-9417. pdf

Ochman, H. and U. Bergthorsson (1998). Rates and patterns of chromosome evolution in enteric bacteria. Curr. Opin. Microbiol. 1: 580-583. pdf

Boyd, E. F., J. Li, H. Ochman and R. K. Selander (1997). Comparative genetics of the inv-spa invasion gene complex of Salmonella enterica. J. Bacteriol. 179: 1985-1991.pdf

Francino, M. P. and H. Ochman (1997). Strand asymmetries in DNA evolution. Trends in Genetics 13: 240-245. pdf

Groisman, E. A. and H. Ochman (1997). How Salmonella became a pathogen. Trends in Microbiol. 5: 343-349. pdf

Lawrence, J. G. and H. Ochman (1997). Amelioration of bacterial genomes: rates of change and exchange. J. Molec. Evol. 44: 383-397. pdf

Ochman, H. (1997) Miles of isles. Trends Microbiol. 5: 222. pdf

Francino, M. P., L. Chao, M. A. Riley, and H. Ochman (1996). Patterns of substitutions in enterobacterial genes are generated by transcription-coupled repair. Science 272: 107-109. pdf

Groisman, E. A. and H. Ochman (1996). Pathogenicity islands: quantum leaps in bacterial evolution. Cell 87: 791-794. pdf

Ochman, H. and J. G. Lawrence (1996). Phylogenetics and the amelioration of bacterial genomes. In F. C. Neidhardt et al. (eds.) Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium: Molecular and Cellular Biology. 2nd edition. ASM Publications, Washington, Chapter 141.

Ochman, H. and E. A. Groisman (1996). Distribution of pathogenicity islands in Salmonella. Infect. Immun. 64: 5410-5412. pdf

Ochman, H., F. C. Soncini, F. Solomon, and E. A. Groisman (1996). Identification of a pathogenicity island required for Salmonella survival in host cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93: 7800-7804. pdf

Bergthorsson, U. and H. Ochman (1995). Heterogeneity of genome size among natural isolates of Escherichia coli. J. Bacteriol. 177: 5784-5789. pdf

Li, J., H. Ochman, E. A. Groisman, E. F. Boyd, K. Nelson, and R. K. Selander (1995). Functional correlates of evolutionary rate variation among the invasion genes of Salmonella enterica. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 92: 7252-7256. pdf

Ochman, H. and L. A. Buckholtz (1995). Physical structure of human chromosome 21: an analysis of YACs spanning 21q. Mammalian Genome 6: 84-89.

Ochman, H. and U. Bergthorsson (1995). Genome evolution in enteric bacteria. Curr. Op. Gen. Devel. 5: 734-738. pdf

Ochman, H. and E. A. Groisman (1995). The evolution of invasion in enteric bacteria. Can. J. Microbiol. 41: 555-561.

Groisman. E. A. and H. Ochman (1994). How to become a pathogen. Trends Microbiol. 2: 289-294.

Hartl, D. L. and H. Ochman (1994). Inverse polymerase chain reaction. In A. Harwood (ed.) Methods in Molecular Biology, Volume 31: Protocols for Gene Analysis. Humana Press Inc., Totowa, NJ, pp. 187-196.

Ochman, H. and E. A. Groisman (1994). The origin and evolution of species differences in Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium. In B. Schierwater et al. (eds.) Molecular Ecology and Evolution: Approaches and Applications. Birkhauser Verlag, NY, pp. 479-493.

Bisercic, M. and H. Ochman (1993). Natural populations of Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium harbor the same classes of insertion sequences. Genetics 133: 449-454.

Bisercic, M. and H. Ochman (1993). The ancestry of insertion sequences common to Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium. J. Bacteriol. 175: 7863-7868. pdf

Carulli, J. P., D. E. Krane, D. L. Hartl, and H. Ochman (1993). Compositional heterogeneity and patterns of molecular evolution in the Drosophila genome. Genetics 134: 837-845. pdf

Groisman, E. A. and H. Ochman (1993). Cognate genes govern invasion of host epithelial cells by Salmonella typhimurium and Shigella flexneri. EMBO J. 12: 3779-3787.

Groisman, E. A., M. Sturmoski, F. Soloman, R. Lin, and H. Ochman (1993). Molecular, functional and evolutionary analysis of sequences specific to Salmonella. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90: 1033-1037. pdf

Lawrence, J. G., D. L. Hartl, and H. Ochman (1993). Sequencing products of the polymerase chain reaction. In R. Wu (ed.) Methods in Enzymology, Recombinant DNA, Part I. Academic Press, NY.

Ochman, H., F. J. Ayala, and D. L. Hartl (1993). Use of the PCR to amplify segments outside the boundaries of known sequences. In R. Wu (ed.) Methods in Enzymology, Recombinant DNA, Part I. Academic Press, NY.

Groisman, E. A., M. H. Saier, Jr., and H. Ochman (1992). Horizontal transfer of a phosphatase gene as evidence for the mosaic structure of the Salmonella genome. EMBO J. 11: 1309-1316.

Lawrence, J. G., H. Ochman, and D. L. Hartl (1992). The evolution of insertion sequences within enteric bacteria. Genetics 131: 9-20. pdf

Hall, B. G., L. Xu, and H. Ochman (1991). Physical map of the SAC operon of Escherichia coli K12. J. Bacteriol. 173: 5250.

Krane, D. E., D. L. Hartl, and H. Ochman (1991). Rapid determination of nucleotide content and its application to the study of genome structure. Nucleic Acids Res. 19: 5181-5185.

Lawrence, J. G., D. L. Hartl, and H. Ochman (1991). Molecular considerations in the evolution of bacterial genes. J. Molec. Evol. 33: 241-250. pdf

Lawrence, J. G., H. Ochman, and D. L. Hartl (1991). Molecular and evolutionary relationships among enteric bacteria. J. Gen. Microbiol.137: 1911-1921.

Ochman, H., J. W. Ajioka, D. Garza, and D. L. Hartl (1990). Inverse polymerase chain reaction. In H. A. Erlich (ed.) PCR Technology: Principles and Applications for DNA Amplification. Stockton Press, NY (Reprinted in Biotechnology 8: 759-760.)

Higuchi, R. G. and H. Ochman (1989). Generation of single-stranded DNA templates by exonuclease digestion following the polymerase chain reaction. Nucleic Acids Res. 17: 5863.

Ochman, H., M. M. Medora, D. Garza, and D. L. Hartl (1989). Amplification of flanking sequences: Inverse PCR for chromosome walking. In M. Innis et al. (eds.) PCR Protocols: Methods and Applications. Academic Press, NY.

Ochman, H., A. S. Gerber, and D. L. Hartl (1988). Genetic applications of an inverse polymerase chain reaction. Genetics 120: 621-623.

Ochman, H., J. S. Jones, and R. K. Selander (1987). Large scale patterns of genetic differentiation at enzyme loci in the landsnails Cepaea nemoralis and Cepaea hortensis. Heredity 58: 127-138.

Ochman, H. and A. C. Wilson (1987). Evolution in bacteria: evidence for a universal substitution rate in cellular genomes. J. Molec. Evol. 26: 74-86.

Ochman, H. and A. C. Wilson (1987). Evolutionary history of enteric bacteria. Pp. 1649-1454, in F. C. Neidhardt et al. (eds.) Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium: Molecular and Cellular Aspects. ASM Publications, Washington.

Wilson, A. C., H. Ochman, and E. M. Prager (1987). Molecular time scale for evolution. Trends in Genetics 3: 241-247.

Achtman, M., M. Heuzenroeder, B. Kusecek, H. Ochman, D. A. Caugant, R. K. Selander, V. Väisanen-Rhen, T. K. Korhonen, S. Stuart, F. Ørskov, and I. Ørskov (1986). Clonal analysis of Escherichia coli O2:K1 isolated from diseased humans and animals. Infect. Immun. 51: 268-276.

Selander, R. K., D. A. Caugant, H. Ochman, J. M. Musser, M. M. Gilmour, and T. S. Whittam (1986). Methods of multilocus enzyme electrophoresis for bacterial population genetics and systematics. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 51: 873-884.

Foltz, D. W., H. Ochman, J. S. Jones, and R. K. Selander (1985). Genetic heterogeneity within and among morphological types of the parthenogenetic snail Potamopyrgus jenkinsi. J. Moll. Studies 115: 242-245.

Levin, M. H., R. A. Weinstein, C. Nathan, R. K. Selander, H. Ochman, and S. A. Kabins (1985). Association of infection caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa serotype O11 with intravenous abuse of Pentazocine. J. Clin. Microbiol. 20: 758-762.

Foltz, D. W., H. Ochman, and R. K. Selander (1984). Genetic diversity and breeding systems in terrestrial slugs of the families Arionidae and Limacidae. Malacologia 25: 593-605.

Ochman, H. and R. K. Selander (1984). Evidence for clonal population structure in Escherichia coli. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 81: 198-201.

Ochman, H. and R. K. Selander (1984). Standard reference strains of Escherichia coli from natural populations. J. Bacteriol. 157: 690-693.

Ochman, H., R. A. Wilson, T. S. Whittam, and R. K. Selander (1984). Genetic diversity within serotypes of Escherichia coli, In Proceedings of the Fourth International Symposium on Neonatal Diarrhea. Veterinary Infectious Diseases Organization, University of Saskatchewan. VIDO Publications, Saskatoon, Canada, pp. 202-224.

Ochman, H., J. S. Jones, and R. K. Selander (1983). Molecular area effects in Cepaea. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 80: 4189-4193.

Ochman, H., T. S. Whittam, D. A. Caugant, and R. K. Selander (1983). Enzyme polymorphism and genetic population structure in Escherichia coli and Shigella. J. Gen. Microbiol. 129: 2715-2726.

Selander, R. K. and H. Ochman (1983). The genetic structure of populations as illustrated by molluscs. In M. C. Rattazzi et al. (eds.) Isozymes: Current Topics in Biological and Medical Research. A. R. Liss, NY, pp. 93-123.

Whittam, T. S., H. Ochman, and R. K. Selander (1983). Enzyme polymorphism and multilocus genetic structure in natural populations of Escherichia coli. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 80: 1751-1755.

Whittam, T. S., H. Ochman, and R. K. Selander (1983). Geographic components of linkage disequilibrium in natural populations of Escherichia coli. Mol. Biol. Evol. 1: 67-83.

Foltz, D. W., H. Ochman, J. S. Jones, S. M. Evangelisti, and R. K. Selander (1982). Genetic population structure and breeding systems in arionid slugs. Biol. J. Linn. Soc. 17: 225-241.

Ochman, H., B. Stille, M. Niklasson, R. K. Selander, and A. R. Templeton (1980). Evolution of parthenogenesis in the spear-winged fly Lonchoptera dubia. Evolution 34: 539-547.

Stille, B., H. Ochman, and R. K. Selander (1980). Genetic structure of populations of Aporrectodea tuberculata. Oikos 34: 195-201.